A coldly rationalist individualist can deny that he has any obligation to make sacrifices for the future.
Garrett Hardin

A finite world can support only a finite population; therefore, population growth must eventually equal zero.
Garrett Hardin

A technical solution may be defined as one that requires a change only in the techniques of the natural sciences, demanding little or nothing in the way of change in human values or ideas of morality.
Garrett Hardin

An attack on values is inevitably seen as an act of subversion.
Garrett Hardin

But as population became denser, the natural chemical and biological recycling processes became overloaded, calling for a redefinition of property rights.
Garrett Hardin

But it is no good using the tongs of reason to pull the Fundamentalists' chestnuts out of the fire of contradiction. Their real troubles lie elsewhere.
Garrett Hardin

Continuity is at the heart of conservatism: ecology serves that heart.
Garrett Hardin

Education can counteract the natural tendency to do the wrong thing, but the inexorable succession of generations requires that the basis for this knowledge be constantly refreshed.
Garrett Hardin

Freedom in a commons brings ruin to all.
Garrett Hardin

Fundamentalists are panicked by the apparent disintegration of the family, the disappearance of certainty and the decay of morality. Fear leads them to ask, if we cannot trust the Bible, what can we trust?
Garrett Hardin


However, I think the major opposition to ecology has deeper roots than mere economics; ecology threatens widely held values so fundamental that they must be called religious.
Garrett Hardin

In a finite world this means that the per capita share of the world's goods must steadily decrease.
Garrett Hardin

In an approximate way, the logic of commons has been understood for a long time, perhaps since the discovery of agriculture or the invention of private property in real estate.
Garrett Hardin

Incommensurables cannot be compared.
Garrett Hardin

Indeed, our particular concept of private property, which deters us from exhausting the positive resources of the earth, favors pollution.
Garrett Hardin

It is a mistake to think that we can control the breeding of mankind in the long run by an appeal to conscience.
Garrett Hardin

Moreover, the practical recommendations deduced from ecological principles threaten the vested interests of commerce; it is hardly surprising that the financial and political power created by these investments should be used sometimes to suppress environmental impact studies.
Garrett Hardin

No one should be able to enter a wilderness by mechanical means.
Garrett Hardin

Of course, a positive growth rate might be taken as evidence that a population is below its optimum.
Garrett Hardin

Ruin is the destination toward which all men rush, each pursuing his own best interest in a society that believes in the freedom of the commons.
Garrett Hardin